Résumé : The effects of ethidium bromide upon 3H-thymidine and 3H-uridine incorporation by Crithidia luciliae have been studied by autoradiography. The drug, at the concentration of 20 μg/ml inhibits kinetoplast DNA synthesis up to 90% after a few minutes. Nuclear DNA synthesis is also very rapidly affected, but the inhibition does not exceed 28% in the same experimental conditions. Some hypotheses relevant to this specificity toward kinetoplast DNA are discussed. 3H-Uridine pulse experiments have revealed that the kinetoplast is the site of RNA syntheses. EB inhibits 3H-uridine incorporation into kinetoplast and nuclear RNA, but this effect on RNA synthesis is slower than the very quick process which affects DNA replication. © 1969.