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Le non-respect des conditions d'utilisation: première cause de mêttiêmoglobinémie induite parla prilocaïne. Une revue systématique de la littérature

par Florquin, Rémi ;Till, Apolline ;Briganti, Giovanni ;Van Der Linden, Philippe
Référence Revue médicale de Bruxelles, 42, 3, page (174-181)
Publication Publié, 2021-05-01

Article révisé par les pairs

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Résumé :

Introduction: Prilocaïne is a frequently used local anesthetic, for which a well-known side effect, the production of methemoglobin continues to be frequently reported. This study tests the hypothesis that incorrect use of the product is at the origin of the development of the reported methemoglobinemia. Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out on Medline /PubMed and Google Scholar to collect published cases of methemoglobinemia due to prilocaine using the keywords «methemoglobin» or «methaemoglobin» and «prilocaine». Results: A total of 37 publications concerning a group of 69 patients were analyzed. Of these 69 patients, 52 presented at least one usage error (10 adults, 42 children). The most common error is the transgression of the age limit for children and overdose for adults. Conclusions: Methemoglobinemia is a rare but potentially severe complication of prilocaine. Most reported cases of methemoglobinemia following the administration of prilocaine are linked to noncompliance with the conditions of use. Raising consciousness and providing better information to practitioners and patients on the conditions for using prilocaine should help reduce the incidence of this avoidable side effect in most cases.