Article révisé par les pairs
Résumé : The aim of this article is to study the political practices, perceptions and discourses regarding the future of Belgian federalism since the years 2000s. Analysing electoral manifestos and coalition agreements, this article intends to identify patterns and models of preferences about the long-term evolution of the Belgian institutions, the distribution of competences, the nature of intergovernmental relations and its degree of multi-level cooperation. The different scenarios – gathered around a French-speaking and a Flemish definition of the State structure – will be observed through an in-depth analysis of the terminology and arguments used in key political documents. This article shows how the influence of the ideology and electoral strategies, but also contextual political factors (political crisis, proximity of elections, etc.) as well as the nature and position of the different political actors (incumbent vs. opposition parties, regional vs. federal MPs, etc.) explain the ambiguous and periodically re-negociated federal bargain about the future of Belgian federalism