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Préoccupations parentales concernant la vaccination pédiatrique: étude en focus groups à Bruxelles

par Castroviejo Fernández, I.;Jourdain, Sarah ;Kacenelenbogen, Nadine ;Smeesters, Pierre
Référence Revue médicale de Bruxelles, 40, 1, page (5-17)
Publication Publié, 2019-02-01

Article révisé par les pairs

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Résumé :

Introduction: Parents’ concerns about vaccine efficacy and safety are growing in developed countries leading to a suboptimal immunization coverage. Various reasons exist for vaccine refusal or delay and those reasons change according to time, political context, demographic variables and vaccines themselves. The WHO recommends every country to investigate the determinants leading to vaccine hesitancy in their own setting. Qualitative surveys provide us with new and deep insight into parents’ perspective. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups. This approach is an open group discussion exploring a defined topic under the supervision of a facilitator. Parents having at least one child under 6 years old, and attending nurseries or pre-schools in Brussels, were recruited on voluntary basis through an information leaflet. Preschools were selected among two different socioeconomic backgrounds (low and high-income settings) according to an official Belgian school ranking. Results: A total of 24 parents were gathered through 7 interviews. Three principal determinants of vaccine hesitancy have been identified: concerns over vaccine safety, perceived importance and usefulness of vaccines and issues around institutional mistrust. Personal experience, healthcare workers as well as the available information influence these determinants. Conclusions: The negative attitude towards vaccines could be reduced by providing balanced information on benefits and risks of vaccines as well as giving easier access to this information before immunisation appointments. Our survey also showed that a non-judgemental discussion, more open and receptive to patients’ needs is crucial. Thus, working on healthcare workers’ attitude is another fundamental approach.