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Neuropathie, synaptopathie, atteinte sensorielle, formes partielles de neuropathie, nouvelles étiologies: Variations sur un thème connu

par Loundon, Natalie;Marlin, Sandrine;Bouccara, Didier;Morlet, Thierry;Becker, T.;Deltenre, Paul ;Collette, Jean Louis
Référence Cahiers de l'audition, 21, 2, page (57-63)
Publication Publié, 2008-03

Article révisé par les pairs

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Résumé :

This chapter has a patchwork structure organized in three parts. The first one revisits the question of the adequacy of the Auditory Neuropathy/Auditory Dyssynchrony label for cases in which the causal anomaly is definitely located distally to the nerve fibres. Going beyond the purely semantic dimension, it contrasts an anatomically-based division of the structural components involved with A. Starr's opinion according to which Inner Hair Cells can be considered as specialized neural elements producing neurotransmitters rather man as purely sensory structures. The chapter also draws attention to the possible role of trans-synaptic degeneration of the distal parts of the dendritic processes of the spiral ganglion cells consecutive to a primary lesion of the Inner Hair Cells. The second part of the chapter describes an unusual pattern of results in which Auditory Brainstem Responses are preserved at high stimulus levels only and which is interpreted as indicating a partial Auditory Neuropathy /Auditory Dyssynchrony. The third and last part adds one item to an already long, but most probably yet incomplete enumeration of medical circumstances known to be able to cause an Auditory Neuropathy/Auditory Dyssynchrony by reporting two cases acquired after closed head trauma.