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Exploring potential fisheries benefits of marine reserves using a bio-economic size-spectrum Model

par Seroux, Morgane
Promoteur Giacomo, Santini
Co-Promoteur RICHARDSON, Anthony J;Everett, Jason
Publication Non publié, 2022-08-31

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Résumé :

With only 2.7% of the oceans currently fully protected, there is a desire to increase the areaof no-take marine protected areas since international organizations are aiming to protect30% of the oceans by 2030. This would exclude large parts of the ocean from fishing,potentially depriving people of their livelihoods and an important food source. However,marine reserves might also benefit surrounding fisheries grounds through the spillover ofjuveniles and adults, or the transport of eggs and larvae outside a reserve. Here, we modelthe potential dispersal of fish from marine reserves by using the BiOeconomic mArineTrophic Size-spectrum (BOATS) model, which estimates fish biomass globally on a fine spatialgrid. A limitation of this model is that each grid cell is independent, thus, we expandedBOATS by including inter-cell movement of fish, based on the diffusion equation. We thusestimate the potential fisheries benefits of marine reserves at a local and global scale. Whenwe compared an MPA network that covers 5% of the ocean with a hypothetical ocean withno MPAs, there was an overall decline in global fish catch of ~6%. When dispersal of adultfish was included, we found that the global decline in fish catch was reduced, but onlyslightly, with <0.06% decrease in overall loss. Moreover, spillover occurs at a local scale, so islimited to cells sharing a boundary with an MPA and is higher in heavily fished areas, whichmay be important to consider in MPA network designs.