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Assessing man-ecosystem relationships between Caiçara Traditional Communities and Mangroves affected by extreme events and COVID-19 in the southeastern of Brazil

par Dourado Batista, Carlos Victor
Promoteur Dahdouh-Guebas, Farid
Co-Promoteur CUNHA-LIGNON, Dra. Marília
Publication Non publié, 2022-01-28

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Résumé :

The Cananéia-Iguape Coastal System is a region in the southeastern of Brazil where well-conserved mangroves coexist with traditional communities. In 2018, two extreme events negatively impacted different mangrove areas and Caiçara traditional communities in that region. While the first event was caused by a sand bar breaching and its effects, the second was caused by strong winds. Moreover, with the COVID-19 pandemic spreading and impacting Brazil since 2020, these communities were also impacted by it. Therefore, to evaluate the man-ecosystem relationships between the Caiçara traditional communities and the mangroves on these exposed contexts, climatic data was used to evaluate the strong winds impacting the region, Remote Sensing and GIS to assess the different impacts of the two extreme events on the disturbed mangroves, and social-ecological survey to assess the affected Caiçara Communities’ mangrove utilization and perceptions on the impacts of these events and of the Coronavirus pandemic. The main results showed that the die-off of mangroves occurred gradually for the first 2018 event, and instantaneously but followed by regeneration for the second. For the affected Caiçara communities, the overall losses following the extreme events were in infrastructure and resources for their families and on fisheries for their mangrove utilization. While COVID-19’s impacts affected their health, fishing, commercial and tourism activities, and the access to their essential livelihoods. This study of case and how it developed calls attention to what kind of impacts coastal communities and ecosystems, especially those in protected areas, may face with future climate change and infectious diseases.