Mémoire
| Résumé : | Challenges such as terrorism, illicit trafficking and other irregular activities are present in the Sahel. Given that these issues could negatively affect the European Union (EU), in 2011, the EU put in place the Strategy for Security and Development in the Sahel which created synergies between security and development and consequently could be considered a predecessor of the EU comprehensive approach established in 2013. Due to the migration crisis in the EU, migration and border control became one of the main topics. Consequently, in 2016, with the EU Global Strategy, border security became a significant political concern. So, the EU introduced an integrated approach that, even though still merging different tools, prioritised security, thereby allowing the EU to present itself as a more strategically political and security-oriented actor. Apart from the strategies, the EU put forward three CSDP missions (EUCAP Niger and Mali; EUTM Mali), gaining even more importance globally while becoming increasingly focused on security and stabilisation. Therefore, this Final Dissertation offers an examination of the past frameworks of the EU’s engagement in the Sahel through a comprehensive and integrated approach to crises and conflicts as well as CSDP capacity-building and military training missions. By doing so, it will become clearer that the EU did provide development and security support to the Sahel while at the same time experimenting its role as an international and strategical security actor who responds to the issues according to its own needs. |
