Mémoire
| Résumé : | This article provides a contextual analysis of the factors contributing to the creation of the Palestinian political fragmentation. It divides the evolution of the factors behind the Palestinian political division into three historical phases: (i) the pre-Oslo phase where the major dividing factor between Hamas and Fatah was the ideological differences and disagreements between the two movements; (ii) 1994-2006 which is the post-Oslo pre-Hamas phase. The main remark of this era was the establishment of the Palestinian Authority and the oppression it practiced through its security forces against any opposition that threatened its position as a ‘peace partner’; (iii) 2006-present phase, which was highlighted by Hamas victory in the Palestinian Legislative Council elections in 2006. This mainly analyzes the reaction of the United states of America’s reaction to Hamas’s victory in the Palestinian Legislative Council elections, and the ways it mobilized its foreign aid to the Palestinian Authority in response to this victory. This article argues that the United States has contributed to creating the Palestinian political division through “creating partners for peace paradigm” and mobilizing the United States’ foreign aid policies to support specific Palestinian political elite that it has considered ‘right’ for creating peace, in this case Fatah. And through mobilizing United States’ foreign aid policies to marginalize who considered ‘non-right partners for peace’, which is the elected Hamas government. |
