Mémoire
| Résumé : | The Syrian war has caused the biggest humanitarian and refugee tragedy in 2015. More than 6.7 million Syrians have been displaced because of the civil war since 2011 (UNHCR, 2020). The vast majority of migrants came to Turkey not only as of the closest country but as a transit country to reach a European one. After all, to protect the lives of refugees and manage the massive refugee flow, Turkey and Europe decided to cooperate to provide legal paths for the migration process. The EU-Turkey Deal was portrayed as an emergency solution to the migration crisis on 18 March 2016 (Tagliapietra, 2019).This study aspires to analyze the considerations of the European Parliament and the European Commission in the conclusion of the Deal. The research question of this study can be formulated as follows: How the European Parliament and the European Commission consider and act to frame the conclusion of the EU-Turkey Migration Deal? Bringing insights derived from the normative power of the EU, the study discusses the failure of internal attempts of the European institutions in common policymaking in migration management. The lack of collective action within the EU makes the implementation of common European migration mechanisms more difficult. It is argued that this difficulty led to the externalization of EU’s migration management. Methodologically, we use qualitative research methods such as document analysis and process tracing. As a theoretical approach, constructivism is applied to explain the EU's normative power in the framework of the EU-Turkey Deal. The main concepts of this study are operationalized as follows: (1) the polarization of the Member States and the political groups in the Parliament, (2) normative power, and (3) externalization. In the first part of our analysis, we explain commitments and outcomes at the EU-Turkey Migration Deal. In the second part, we examine the controversies surrounding the implementation of the Deal. The third part discusses the views on migration management in the European Parliament and considerations in the conclusion of the Deal. Forth part clarifies the externalization approach of the European Commission and the considerations in the conclusion of the Deal. The last part sheds light on the normative power of the EU in the context of the Deal |
