Résumé : The sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase and the gastric H+,K+-ATPase were cleaved under three different proteolysis conditions. After elimination of the protease and of the cleaved peptides, the vesicles containing the membrane-bound peptides of the ATPases were studied by Fourier transform attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy. In the harsher proteolysis conditions, the membrane-associated domain of the Ca2+-ATPase represented about 20% of the protein and was mainly constituted of alpha-helices. Polarized infrared spectroscopy showed that these alpha-helices were mainly oriented perpendicular to the membrane. However, only 10-20% of the H+,K+-ATPase was cleaved. The remaining, membrane-associated domain of the protein contained about 30% of alpha-helices and 30% of beta-sheet structures. The alpha-helices adopted a mainly transmembrane orientation. While the data on the Ca2+-ATPase are in general agreement with the current model of the protein, our results indicate that caution must be used in choosing this protein as a general structural model for all P-type ATPases. The protease-resistant, membrane-associated domain of the H+K+-ATPase is indeed much larger than predicted and also contained beta-sheet structures.