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Detection of anthropogenic emission point sources of ethylene, propylene, acetylene, and methanol with IASI

par Franco, Bruno ;Clarisse, Lieven ;Van Damme, Martin ;Hadji-Lazaro, Juliette;Clerbaux, Cathy ;Coheur, Pierre
Référence ATMOS 2024 (1-5 July 2024: Bologna, Italy)
Publication Publié, 2024-07-01

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Résumé :

Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) emitted in excess from anthropogenic sources actively contribute to the formation of harmful pollutants such as formaldehyde, tropospheric ozone, and secondary organic aerosols. In heavily polluted areas, elevated NMVOC concentrations present significant challenges to air quality and the environment, necessitating regulatory measures to reduce emissions. Satellite measurements have emerged as a valuable tool for tracking anthropogenic emitters, allowing the identification of point sources of inorganic pollutants like nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ammonia (NH3). However, research on NMVOC emitters has often relied solely on local and airborne in-situ measurements, underscoring the need for comprehensive satellite coverage of organic species to improve emission inventories.In this respect, the multi-annual and spatially dense measurements from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), embarked on the polar-orbiting, sun-synchronous Metop satellite platforms, offer the opportunity to monitor the atmospheric abundance of NMVOCs at the global scale. Here, we exploit the extensive IASI dataset in combination with an advanced oversampling technique that allows augmenting the spatial resolution of averaged satellite data far beyond what the sounder can initially offer. As it resolves much finer spatial features (of about 3-4 km with the IASI measurements), such technique is effective in locating point sources of a target pollutant. We demonstrate that, applied to the IASI NMVOC measurements, this allows the detection from space of anthropogenic emitters of several major NMVOCs: ethylene (C2H4), propylene (C3H6), acetylene (C2H2), and methanol (CH3OH). These point sources are found to be primarily linked with heavy industries such as petrochemical facilities, coal-related activities (e.g., coal mining and power plants), metallurgy, and pharmaceutical production sites, as well as with megacities. We also make use of IASI measurements of inorganic pollutants (SO2 and NH3) to help in the identification of the NMVOC point sources and to demonstrate the complementarity between all these tracers to gain deeper insights into global anthropogenic emitters.