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Interferometric measurement of the quadrature coherence scale using two replicas of a quantum optical state

par Griffet, Célia ;Arnhem, Matthieu ;De Bièvre, Stephan;Cerf, Nicolas
Référence Physical Review A, 108, 2, 023730
Publication Publié, 2023-08-01

Article révisé par les pairs

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Résumé :

Assessing whether a quantum state ρ is nonclassical (i.e., incompatible with a mixture of coherent states) is a ubiquitous question in quantum optics, yet a nontrivial experimental task because many nonclassicality witnesses are nonlinear in ρ. In particular, if we want to witness or measure the nonclassicality of a state by evaluating its quadrature coherence scale, this a priori requires full state tomography. Here, we provide an experimental procedure for directly accessing this quantity with a simple linear interferometer involving two replicas (independent and identical copies) of the state ρ supplemented with photon-number-resolving measurements. This finding, which we interpret as an extension of the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect, illustrates the wide applicability of the multicopy interferometric technique in order to circumvent state tomography in quantum optics.