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Avancées en ophtalmologie: prévention de la myopie, traitements innovants pour la sécheresse oculaire et nouveautés en dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge

par Lipski, Deborah ;Demolin, Lilian;Kazemy, Z.;Motulsky, Elie
Référence Revue médicale de Bruxelles, 44, 4, page (319-324)
Publication Publié, 2023-09-01

Article révisé par les pairs

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Résumé :

Recent advances in ophthalmology have brought new perspectives in three key areas that represent significant public health concerns: myopia, dry eye disease, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Preventing the progression of myopia has been the subject of intensive research. Studies have shown that spending more time outdoors and reducing exposure to electronic screens can prevent or slow down the progression of myopia in children. When myopia is progressive, there is strong evidence supporting the significant slowing of its progression with the use of atropine drops. Overnight orthokeratology lenses and defocus-inducing contact lenses and glasses also appear to be effective in slowing down myopia progression, although currently only limited data are available. New innovative treatments for dry eye disease have been developed in addition to traditional use of artificial tears and lid hygiene. Advanced therapies such as intense pulsed light sessions have shown encouraging results in improving tear film stability and symptomatology. Finally, the treatment of AMD has been revolutionized in the last 30 years. The introduction of anti-VEGF treatments has transformed the management of wet AMD, allowing for a drastic improvement in visual prognosis. In dry AMD, the development of complement inhibitors, visual cycle modulators, neuroprotective agents, and stem cell-based therapies offers promising prospects and those treatments could be approved in Europe in the near future.