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Direction-of-Arrival estimation using virtual dual-antenna receivers : algorithms and controlled experiments

par Agram, Youssef ;Cheng, Jianqiao ;Quitin, François
Référence IEEE VTS ... Vehicular Technology Conference, 2023-June
Publication Publié, 2023-11-01

Article révisé par les pairs

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Résumé :

Localization of radio-frequency (RF) transmitters can be achieved using virtual antenna arrays (VAA) through direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation. The method relies on a mobile, single-antenna receiver that captures successive messages from a transmitter, thereby emulating a multi-antenna array. However, two main challenges emerge from this technique: 1) successive positions and orientations of antennas have to be determined, meeting spatial Nyquist criterion; 2) the local oscillator frequency offset (LOFO) between transmitter and receiver adds a drifting phase component to the received signal on each antenna of the array. Previous papers have shown the unability to recover the DoA for rectilinear trajectories using single-antenna array in presence of drifting LOFO. Nonetheless, it has been theoretically proven that integration of a second antenna allows us to return to an observable system. In this paper, we extend the algorithm to dual-antenna receivers, which allows to recover the azimuth ?. A linear model of the drifting LOFO is also used, allowing for low-quality, drifting Local Oscillators (LOs). Wireless and controlled experimental results from a software-defined radio testbench are presented to corroborate previous theoretical results. Increased performance is noted when moving from a single antenna to a dual-antenna system.