Article révisé par les pairs
Résumé : Asymmetrical snapping mandibles have evolved several times in termites. In the Neotropics, asymmetrical snapping mandibles are found in soldiers of four genera: Neocapritermes , Planicapritermes , Cornicapritermes and Dihoplotermes . Here, I describe Schievitermes globicornis , new genus and species, from French Guiana. This genus is characterized by an absence of a frontal prominence and slightly asymmetrical mandibles in the soldier caste. The morphology and anatomy of the worker reveal a wood-based diet, and suggest that Schievitermes , Planicapritermes and Neocapritermes constitute a monophyletic group, which is consistent with mtDNA data.