Article révisé par les pairs
Résumé : Introduction: Following the example of other countries, Belgium has taken a further step towards advanced nursing practice (ANP) by specifying the legal conditions to access to the title of advanced practice nurse (APN) in 2019. Method: Based on a literature review, the objectives of this article are to present a history of the development of ANP in the French-speaking Belgium and the creation of the Master of Science in Nursing (MSN), and to share the challenges that future APNs will have to face within the Belgian health care system. In particular, the question of their place within intra- and inter-professional teams, and specifically the collaboration with doctors. Results: It appears that there are no research results documenting the functions of nurses exercising roles close to those of the APNs, nor the fields of practice in which they would exercise in French-speaking Belgium. Conclusion: The next few years will be crucial in determining the place that these future APNs will take in the health care system through the expression of their specific competences, developed during the new MSN training. The implementation of this function is a complex process. It can be guided by models such as the PEPPA model and be inspired by international experiences, while remaining adapted to local realities. In this sense, even if the ANP is not new abroad, Belgian nurses cannot avoid contextualized research on the subject, especially to explore needs and representations. Open and transparent communication with all the actors, in a climate of mutual respect, should make it possible to promote the construction of an efficient and humanistic health system where the importance of each person is recognized and valued.