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Towards the challenges of 3D bioprinting for salivary glands (SG) regeneration: Complex SG scaffolds with imprinted vasculature: Complex SG scaffolds with imprinted vasculature

par Siminska-Stanny, Julia ;Hachemi, Feza F.H.;Nizioł, Martyna;Hajiabbas, Maryam ;Podstawczyk, Daria;Delporte, Christine ;Shavandi, Armin
Référence 20th National Day on Biomedical Engineering(11.10.2022), 20th National Day on Biomedical Engineering, NCBME
Publication Publié, 2022

Abstract de conférence

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Résumé :

To date, only a handful of materials have been investigated in terms of their utilization for salivary gland (SG) tissue engineering while creating an artificial SG vasculature system still remains one of the biggest hurdles. To confront these challenges, we utilize a 3D extrusion bioprinting technique to successfully obtain SG scaffolds of superior shape fidelity. By combining the excellent properties of gelatin, hyaluronic acid (HA) and methylcellulose (MC) with extrusion-based printing technology, we developed a novel 3D-printable hydrogel (Gel-HA-MC), cytocompatibile towards SG cells. Thoughtfully optimizing the polymers share in the formulation, we printed stable 3D scaffolds presenting high accuracy and stability. A peculiarity of Gel-HA-MC materials lies in their ability for dual-stage crosslinking due to the methacrylation (GelMA) and phenolation (HA-Tyr) of polymers' backbones. Upon the first crosslinking stage we obtained shear-thinning inks for convenient 3D printing, while later the photopolymerization reactions, triggered by visible light in a presence of a cell-friendly photoinitiator resulted in a stable hydrogel [1]. The small diameter vascular grafts are challenging to fabricate, however, are predominant in every tissue and organ of our body [2]. Due to that, coaxial printing can be a promising way to introduce vascular structures into a small size engineered tissue [3]. To 3D print perfusable channels (inner diameter ~360 µm, outer ~1000 µm), mimicking blood vessels, we simultaneously extruded the alginate-based ink (outer layer) with the fugitive polymer-Pluronic F127® (inner layer). After structure strengthening by Ca2+ crosslinking and leaching the polymer from the core part, we obtained perfusable, flexible tubes showing great potency to act as small blood vessels or fine capillaries. Considering the aspect of vascularization in artificial tissue grafts we hope that our research can be a cornerstone for a new method of developing vascularized tissue replacements in clinically relevant dimensions.