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Time trends in the consumption of sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages among adolescents from 21 European countries between 2002 and 2018

par Chatelan, Angéline ;Lebacq, Thérésa ;Rouche, Manon ;Dzielska, Anna;Fismen, Anne-Siri;Kelly, Colette;Castetbon, Katia
Référence Excellence in Pediatrics Conference(12th: 2020-12-03/05: Amsterdam (online)), 12th Excellence in Pediatrics Conference – 2020 Book of Abstracts, Vol. 7, page (1848781)
Publication Publié, 2020-12-02

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Résumé :

BackgroundHigh intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) contributes to childhood obesity. In Europe, time trends in the consumption of SSBs and artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) are limited. In addition, differences in the methodologies hinders cross-national comparisons. We described temporal trends in the prevalence of daily consumption of SSBs (2002–2018) and ASBs (2006–2018) among European adolescents and explored how social inequalities in SSB and ASB consumption have evolved during this period. MethodsWe used data from the five most recent survey years of the ‘Health Behaviour in School-aged Children’ study: 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018. Nationally representative samples of pupils from Western, Northern and Southern Europe completed a standardized questionnaire at school. Consumption frequency of SSBs was assessed in 530,976 adolescents (21 countries, girls: 50.7%, 11y-,13y-,15y-olds: 33.4%, 34.6% and 32.0%, respectively) and, for ASBs, in 70,156 adolescents (5 countries). Within countries we classified participants into 3 socioeconomic categories using the ridit-transformed Family Affluence Scale (FAS), based on 4 to 6 household wealth items. National sex- and age-standardized prevalences of daily SSB and ASB consumption were calculated by survey years. Multilevel logistic models adjusted for sex and age estimated time trends (time as a continuous variable; for social inequalities evolution: FAS*time). ResultsPrevalences of daily SSB consumption declined linearly in all 21 countries between 2002 and 2018 (P for 21 national trends ≤0.002). Relative reductions in the proportions of daily SSB consumers greatly varied across countries: from <23% (France: -22.3%; French-speaking Belgium: -22.6%, Austria: -22.9%) to >72% (Norway: -72.1%; England: -74.9%; Ireland: -84.8%). Still in 2018, ≥1/6 pupils consumed SSB every day in 9/21 countries. In 8/21 countries proportions of pupils reporting daily consumption of SSBs decreased more sharply in more affluent families, thereby widening social inequalities. Social inequalities in SSB consumption have reduced in France only (most improvement in less affluent adolescents). Reductions in daily ASB consumption were observed in all five studied countries (absolute differences in prevalence: ≥-5.2%; relative differences: ≥-31.5%, P for trends ≤0.001). Social inequalities in ASB consumption widened in 2/5 countries. Conclusions SSB and ASB consumption in European adolescents decreased between 2002 and 2018 but remained high in almost half of the studied countries. Social inequalities in SSB and ASB consumption have increased over time in about 40% of countries. These results can serve as a first step to evaluate initiatives addressing nutrition in youth over the last decades.