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Representations of history and present-day intergroup relations between indigenous and non-indigenous people: the Mapuche in Chile

par Figueiredo, Ana;Rocha, Carolina;Ferreiro, Trinidad;Guerrero, Catarina;Varela, Micaela;Montagna, Pietro;Garcia, Bernardita;Muñoz, Loreto;Schmid, Magdalena;Cornejo, Marcela;Licata, Laurent
Editeur scientifique Mukherjee, Sahana;Salter, Phia S.
Référence History and Collective Memory from the margins: A global perspective, Nova publishers, New York, page (79-104)
Publication Publié, 2019

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Résumé :

Intergroup relations do no occur in a vacuum - they emerge within specific historical and socio-political contexts that shape perceptions and interactions between distinct social groups. For this reason, analyzing the connections between representations of the historical past and present-day intergroup relations is of utmost importance to understand current processes of social conflict and discrimination, as well as identity dynamics. In this chapter, we present the findings of 28 semi-structured interviews with Mapuche participants, which aimed to analyze their representations of the historical past and perceptions of the past and present-day intergroup relations between the Mapuche indigenous group and non-indigenous people in Chile. Results indicate that, for the Mapuche, representations of history serve the purpose of connecting past and present, by highlighting a narrative that stresses territorial loss across time. Moreover, current intergroup relations are perceived and evaluated through a focus on historical processes that shaped their current disadvantaged situation within Chilean society and led to the erosion of their cultural practices and social identity. Moreover, a majority of participants emphasize the need for reparative actions, in terms of territorial restitution and identity recognition. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for majority-minority intergroup relations following historical misdeeds.