Article révisé par les pairs
Résumé : Mitochondrial tRNAs are transcribed as long polycistronic transcripts of precursor tRNAs and undergo posttranscriptional modifications such as endonucleolytic processing and methylation required for their correct structure and function. Among them, 5-end processing and purine 9 N1-methylation of mitochondrial tRNA are catalyzed by two proteinaceous complexes with overlapping subunit composition. The Mg2-dependent RNase P complex for 5-end cleavage comprises the methyltransferase domain– containing protein tRNA methyltransferase 10C, mitochondrial RNase P subunit (TRMT10C/MRPP1), short-chain oxidoreductase hydroxysteroid 17-dehydroge-nase 10 (HSD17B10/MRPP2), and metallonuclease KIAA0391/ MRPP3. An MRPP1–MRPP2 subcomplex also catalyzes the formation of 1-methyladenosine/1-methylguanosine at position 9 using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as methyl donor. However, a lack of structural information has precluded insights into how these complexes methylate and process mitochondrial tRNA. Here, we used a combination of X-ray crystallography, interaction and activity assays, and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) to gain structural insight into the two tRNA modification complexes and their components. The MRPP1 N terminus is involved in tRNA binding and monomer–monomer self-interaction, whereas the C-terminal SPOUT fold contains key residues for S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding and N1-methylation.

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