par Droixhe, Daniel 
;Collart, Muriel
Référence Ympäristöhistoria Finnish journal of environmental history, 1, page (16-28)
Publication Publié, 2016
;Collart, Muriel Référence Ympäristöhistoria Finnish journal of environmental history, 1, page (16-28)
Publication Publié, 2016
Article révisé par les pairs
| Résumé : | This article examines the criticisms expressed by Noël Retz and Bernardin Ramel toward the growing importance of climatology and meteorology in eighteenth-century medical topographies. In the surveys encouraged by the Royal Society of Medicine, physicians were expected to analyse the relationships between climate, atmospheric conditions, and disease. Retz and Ramel challenged this climatic determinism and questioned the usefulness of systematic meteorological observations. Their writings redirected attention toward local environmental factors such as stagnant waters, unhealthy urban settings, and polluted workplaces. The study highlights an early shift from climatic explanations of disease toward emerging concerns about environmental conditions and pre-industrial pollution in late Enlightenment medicine. |
