par Buscema, Marco ;Van De Vyver, Gisèle
Référence Journal of Experimental Zoology, 235, 2, page (297-308)
Publication Publié, 1985
Article révisé par les pairs
Résumé : In order to extend the range of investigations on sponge incompatibility reactions, xenografts were performed underwater between three marine species: the ramose sponge Axinella polypoides and the two encrusting sponges Crambe crambe and Hemimycale columella. The rejection processes were followed using light, transmission electron, and scanning electron microscopy. In both combinations observed—Axinella/Crambe and Axinella/Hemimycale—the xenografts show disorganization of the superficial tissues during the first days of contact and development afterward of a necrotic reaction. The rejection process is characterized by 1) rapidity, strength, and reciprocity of reaction; 2) tissue necrosis of great depth; and 3) restriction of the response to the zone of the contact. Control of reaction specificity was achieved by contact of sponges with some inert materials (PVC foam, glass, cork, and granite). This resulted in various nonnecrotic reactions. The diversity of these reactions, together with the xenograft rejection processes, demonstrates new aspects of discriminative sponge capabilities. Alternative explanations of acute xenograft rejection, involving either killer cells or cytotoxic substances from endogenous or exogenous origin, are discussed. Copyright © 1985 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company