Article révisé par les pairs
Résumé : Preparations of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSC) are generally obtained from unfractionated tissue cells resulting in heterogeneous cell mixtures. Several markers were proposed to enrich these cells but the majority of these markers are defined for Bone Marrow (BM). Moreover, the surface markers of freshly isolated MSC also differ from those of cultured MSC in addition of a phenotypic variation depending on the MSC source. For tissue engineering applications, it is crucial to start with a well-defined cell population. In this study, we performed immunomagnetic selections with 5 single surface markers to isolate MSC subpopulations from BM and Adipose Tissue (AT): CD271, SUSD2, MSCA-1, CD44 and CD34. We determined the phenotype, the clonogenicity, the proliferation, the differentiation capacity and the immunoregulatory profile of the sub-populations obtained in comparison with unselected cells. We showed that native BM-MSC can be enriched from the positive fractions of MSCA-1, SUSD2 and CD271 selections. In contrast, we observed that SUSD2 and MSCA-1 were unable to identify MSC from AT meaning they are not expressed in situ. Only the CD34+ selection successfully isolated MSC from AT. Interestingly, we observed that CD271 selection can define AT cell subsets with particular abilities but only in lipoaspiration samples, not in abdominoplasties samples. Importantly, we found a population of clearly CD34+ fresh BM-MSC displaying different properties. A single marker-based selection for MSC enrichment should be more advantageous for cell therapy and would enable the standardization of efficient and safe therapeutic intervention through the use of a well identified and homogeneous cell population.

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