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La gestion communautaire de la faune sauvage comme facteur de reconsidération de la privatisation et de la marchandisation des ressources naturelles ? Le cas du tourisme cynégétique en Afrique sub-saharienne

par Roulet, Pierre-Armand
Référence Afrique contemporaine, 222, 2, page (129-147)
Publication Publié, 2007

Article révisé par les pairs

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Résumé :

In sub-Saharan Africa, tourism hunting - or sport sporting - became since the end of 1980 a tool of certain participative management programs of wildlife. Whereas the history of Western hunting returns rather to designs excluding from the conservation through the settings in concession, of the major stakes of appropriation of the resources and space are subjacent behind these participative models choosing partnerships multi-actors on bases wanting to be more democratic. In spite of the undeniable projections that they represent in favour of a certain form of participation of the populations, these programs always cause the persistence of blockings in a real local reappropriation of the direct rights of user of the resource and space. The apparent disengagement of the state of the management and the regional planning through the processes of decentralization which control these new models, associated with logics with privatization and marchandisation with the resources for the benefit with transnational networks huntings, are as many factors highlighting the loss of capacity of the local level to influence its own destiny, which is to preserve the living resources or to improve the living conditions of the populations concerned. In sub-Saharan Africa, tourism hunting - or sport sporting - became since the end of 1980 a tool of certain participative management programs of wildlife. Whereas the history of Western hunting returns rather to designs excluding from the conservation through the settings in concession, of the major stakes of appropriation of the resources and space are subjacent behind these participative models choosing partnerships multi-actors on bases wanting to be more democratic. In spite of the undeniable projections that they represent in favour of a certain form of participation of the populations, these programs always cause the persistence of blockings in a real local reappropriation of the direct rights of user of the resource and space. The apparent disengagement of the state of the management and the regional planning through the processes of decentralization which control these new models, associated with logics with privatization and marchandisation with the resources for the benefit with transnational networks huntings, are as many factors highlighting the loss of capacity of the local level to influence its own destiny, which is to preserve the living resources or to improve the living conditions of the populations concerned. © De Boeck Université.