Résumé : Autoradiographic and biochemical experiments using 3H-uridine have been undertaken to check on the regulation of RNA metabolism in oocytes and ovaries of Asterias, by histones and polylysine, and to compare the effects of these substances to those of actinomycin. Heterologous (commercial "arginin-rich" and calf thymus) and homologous histones (extracted from ♂ and ♀ gonads) have been used. The latter were found to be very similar to one another, both in amino acid composition and electrophoretic behaviour. Histones labeled with 14C-lysine and 14C-actinomycin have been used to verify the penetration of these substances into the oocytes. All four agents used have been found to stimulate the uptake of 3H-uridine. Only actinomycin was found to inhibit its incorporation into the total RNA of the oocytes. Autoradiography confirms these results and shows that the synthesis of RNA is inhibited by actinomycin, at first in the nucleolus and then, in the cytoplasm. These results are discussed. © 1968.