Résumé : This study, though entitled as a contribution to the microdetermination of the physical constants of organic compounds, is at the same time a contribution to functional organic microanalysis, in the sense that it involves the use of two physical constants: the eutectic fusion temperature and the index of refraction for identifying amino acids. All the determinations can be made in one minute and on only one crystal. This method may be extended to other classes of compounds and is capable of rendering great service in industrial and biochemical control. The method given here for the identification of organic compounds competes advantageously with that of preparing derivatives of organic materials and furthermore it permits speeding up the deductions of classical qualitative organic analysis based on the differences in solubility (method of Staudinger, Kamm, Shriner, etc.). Quantitative developments are being studied. © 1953 Springer-Verlag.