Résumé : There are few countries that have established guidelines to serve as a guide governing the diagnosis of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Many countries are proceeding with the diagnosis of SIDS based on two or three sets of definitions and standardized autopsy protocols, or on the investigation relating to the circumstances of the death. In Australia two types of guidelines are used according to the area. In France, SIDS is not considered for the establishment of guidelines, as it is not considered to be a formal diagnostic term. Since various problems arise when making an actual diagnosis, the New Zealand Child and Youth Mortality Review Committee is in the process of establishing guidelines in New Zealand with respect to when and in what cases a death is to be labeled as SIDS. Although guidelines relating to SIDS have yet to be adequately established in countries throughout the world, there is the possibility that such guidelines will be examined in many countries.