• Citer

Reaction To Failure: From Explicit To Implicit Measures Of Self-Esteem

par Dal Cason, Davide ;Arcuri, Luciano;Hellemans, Catherine ;Casini, Annalisa
Référence 28th International Congress of Applied Psychology (ICAP) (8-13 July 2014: Paris (France))
Publication Non publié, 2014

Poster de conférence

• Détails
• Contenu

Résumé :

A failure is often a wound for our self- and social-image. One way to afford a defeat without pain is to have a solid selfesteemable to absorb our unsuccess. Self-esteem is a subject still far from being clear, but thanks to new instruments of evaluationwe can see that there are two halves of the same coin: an explicit self-esteem and an implicit self-esteem. The first one is easy toanalyze but also more artificial. The second one is genuine but more difficult to bring on the surface, and it seems to be the true basisfor every thought that we build on “self”. In the last decade researchers worked to develop instruments to observe implicit self-esteemgiven its deeper value to predict human behavior. In addition to the well-known Name Letter Task and IAT (Implicit AssociationTest), Payne et al. (2005) developed a procedure named AMP (Affective Misattribution Procedure). AMP is derived from the primingprocedure (Murphy & Zajonc, 1993) about exposition to stimuli linked to “self”.Several studies discussed about other implications of implicit self-esteem and some of them (Zogmaister, Mattedi & Arcuri, 2006)demonstrated that a person with high implicit self-esteem has the ability to better cope with failure than other people. This peculiaritylet us formulate a new instrument able to detect implicit self-esteem thanks to a task about forecasting our performance on an exerciseafter experiencing a failure (a condition created ad hoc by the researcher). The main aim of this contribution is to test this measure incomparison with relative procedures. According to our hypotheses all the implicit measures should positively correlate. Furthermorewe expected a negative correlation among the “reacting to failure” task and the other measurements, because the more the participantsscored in the task the more they demonstrated a low implicit and genuine self-esteem.The results from 80 participants revealed a lack of correlation among implicit instruments; they revealed also negative coefficientsamong the “reacting to failure” task and the other measurements, demonstrating the use of strategies of self-enhancement and selfpresentationactivated by the participants during the last task in order to support they low level of self-esteem.We discuss implicit self-esteem as a complicated and multifaceted construct, of which the different measures tap separate, unrelatedcomponents.