Résumé : Febrile neutropenic cancer patients represent a heterogeneous population with a limited proportion at risk of serious medical complications. The Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) score has been developed and validated for identifying low-risk patients at the onset of febrile neutropenia. Since bacteremia, although not documented at baseline, is a predictor of pejorative outcome, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible interaction between the MASCC score and bacteremic status and to assess whether, assuming that bacteremic status could be predicted at onset of febrile neutropenia, adding bacteremia as a covariate in a risk model would improve the accuracy of low-risk patients identification.