Résumé : The following recommendations, which aim at standardising and rationalising clinical indications for the transfusion of red cells in Belgium, were drawn up by a working group of the Superior Health Council. To this end, the Superior Health Council organised an expert meeting devoted to "Guidelines for the transfusion of red cells" in collaboration with the Belgian Hematological Society. The experts discussed the indications for red cell transfusions, the ideal red cell concentrate, the practical issues of administering red cells, and red cell transfusions in patients in a critical condition. The recommendations formulated by the experts were validated by the working group with the purpose of harmonising red cell transfusion in Belgian hospitals.