Résumé : Neurophysin II (hNpII) but not hNpI serum levels were higher than normal (> 2.85 ng/ml) in 9 of 20 patients admitted to the metabolic ward for alcohol withdrawal therapy; a normalization was observed within the first week of alcohol withdrawal. The higher levels of hNpII were felt to reflect alcohol impregnation for the following reasons: 1) on admission, levels of most of the alcoholism bloodmarkers were higher in the group of patients with high hNpII levels than in the group with normal hNpII levels; 2) hNpII levels were correlated with most of the alcoholism blood markers, mainly γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (r = 0.63, P < 0.001) in the 20 patients of the study; 3) patients with high hNpII levels admitted to greater alcohol and less anxiolytic drug intake immediately before admission. The physiopathological meaning and hypothetical psychologicalconsequence of this hNpII increase remain to be defined. (J Clin EndocrinolMetab 56: 871, 1983). © 1983 by The Endocrine Society.