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Temperature monitoring of nuclear reactor cores with multiplexed fiber Bragg grating sensors

par Fernandez Fernandez, Alberto ;Gusarov, Andreï;Brichard, Benoît;Bodart, Serge ;Lammens, Koen;Berghmans, Francis ;Decréton, Marc;Mégret, Patrice ;Blondel, Michel ;Delchambre, Alain
Référence Optical engineering, 41, 6, page (1246-1254)
Publication Publié, 2002-06

Article révisé par les pairs

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Résumé :

In-core temperature measurement is a critical issue for the safe operation of nuclear reactors. Classical thermocouples require shielded connections and are known to drift under high neutron fluence. As an alternative, we propose to take advantage of the multiplexing capabilities of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensors. Our experiments show that sensitivity to radiation depends on both the radiation field and the grating characteristics. For some FBGs installed in an air-cooled graphite-moderated nuclear reactor the difference between the measurements and the readings of calibrated backup thermocouples was within the measurement uncertainty. In the worst case, the difference saturated after 30 h of reactor operation at about 5°C. To reach megagray per hour level gamma-dose rates and 1019 neutron/cm2 fluences, we irradiated multiplexed FBG sensors in a material testing nuclear reactor. At room temperature, FBG temperature sensors can survive in such radiation conditions, but at 90°C a severe degradation is observed. We evidence the possibility to use FBG sensing technology for in-core monitoring of nuclear reactors with specific care under well-specified conditions.