Résumé : Microvessel density (MVD) as a measure of angiogenesis is an important component of tumor growth and metastasis. In this study, we compared MVD as measured by immunohistochemical staining for Ulex europaeus agglutinin in bcning prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), low (LP) and high (HP) grade intraepithelial ncoplasia prostatic and cancer (CA) in tissues derived from 31 radical prostatectomy specimens with (n = 13) without (n = 18) neo-adjuvant androgen ablation (NAAA) for 3 months. Computerized image analysis was used to determine the number of vessels per mm3. In the whole population, a significant difference with MVD exists between BPH and HP (p = 0.039) and Ca (p = 0.001) but no significant difference between BPH and LG or between LG and HG. MVD per mm2 (± SD) arc as follow. BPH: 41 ± 14, LG 43 ± 10, HG51 ± 19, CA 90 ± 39. Taking into account the NAAA, no significant difference in the MVD is observed in BPH and in CA. MVD in BPH with or without NAAA are 45 ± 18 and 37 ± 9 and in CA with or without NAAA are 101 ± 44 and 82 ± 35 respectively. A significant difference is observed in HP with or without NAAA. MVD are 59 ± 24 with NAAA and 44 ±10 (p = 0.021) without NAAA. Although there is a suggestion that MVD is higher in BPH or in CA treated with NAAA no significant difference is observed. However, a significant difference is observed in HP treated with NAAA.