Résumé : The dichloromethane extract of leaves of Croton zambesicus (Euphorbiaceae) showing in vitro cytotoxicity against human cervix carcinoma cells was investigated in order to identify its active compounds. A bio-guided fractionation by HSCCC followed by MPLC led us to isolate a trachylobane diterpene, ent-trachyloban-3β-ol, with cytotoxic properties (IC50 on HeLa cells = 7.3 μg/ml) . This is the first report on the cytotoxicity of a trachylobane diterpene.