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Assessment of new potential therapeutic targets in murine and cellular models of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

par Thys, An
Président du jury Devière, Jacques
Promoteur Vanderwinden, Jean-Marie
Co-Promoteur Erneux, Christophe
Publication Non publié, 2015-11-18

Thèse de doctorat

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Résumé :

The present thesis project focused on the preclinical study of Neurotensin receptor 1 (Ntsr1), Endoglin/CD105 (Eng), Glypican 6 (Gpc6) and Sprouty homolog 4 (Spry4) as potential markers or molecular targets for future therapeutic interventions of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Ntsr1 expression was characterized was reported in a paper that I co-authored entitled “Neurotensin receptor 1 is expressed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors but not in interstitial cells of Cajal.” by Gromova et al., PLOS ONE, 2009. As radio-labeled NTSR1 ligand analogues have already been reported for whole-body imaging and therapeutic interventions, prompting us to investigate NTSR1 as a target for in vivo imaging of GIST.Next, expression of Eng was characterized in the KitK641E murine GIST model, human GIST, GIST882 and BaF3 cells. This study has been reported in “Endoglin/CD105 is expressed in KIT positive cells in the gut and gastrointestinal stromal tumors” by Gromova et al., JCMM, 2011, a paper I co-authored. As result, an American start-up approached us to assess their proprietary compound targeting ENG on GIST882 cells. However, concerns were raised about possible non-selective action and the project was stalled by the company.Subsequently, GIST tissue microarrays were examined by immunohistochemistry using the sole commercially available GPC6 antibody. No statistical correlation could be found between GPC6-ir and GIST clinic-pathological features and concerns were raised about the reliability of the GPC6 antibody used. Ultimately, Spry4 was investigated in the last part of my thesis. In vitro, we have demonstrated that Spry4 is specifically upregulated by the ERK pathway in GIST882 cells. In vivo, Spry4 deficient mice showed an ICC hyperplasia in antrum and colon, using a new ICC quantification method developed in the lab, which was reminiscent of the oncogenic GIST murine model KitK641E. Similarities between Spry4 KO and KitK641E heterozygous animals were even further emphasized by functional studies, as both genotypes showed a delay in transit time. This study lead to the publication “Hyperplasia of interstitial cells of Cajal in Sprouty homolog 4 deficient mice” by Thys et al. 2015, PLOS ONE.