Résumé : Objectives: Fetal tracheal occlusion of hypoplastic rabbit lungs results in lung growth and alveolarization although the surfactant protein messenger RNA expression is decreased and the transforming growth factor-β pathway induced. The prenatal filling of healthy rabbit lungs with perfluorooctylbromide augments lung growth without suppression of surfactant protein synthesis. We hypothesizes that Intratracheal perfluorooctylbromide instillation improves lung growth, mechanics, and extracellular matrix synthesis in a fetal rabbit model of lung hypoplasia induced by diaphragmatic hernia.