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Effects of an olive oil-enriched diet on glucagon-like peptide-1

par Valverde, Isabel;Moreno, P.;Cancelas, Jesús;Prieto, Pablo G.;Villanueva-Peñacarrillo, María Luisa;Malaisse, Willy
Editeur scientifique Preedy, V.R.;Watson, Alan
Référence Olives and olive oil in health and disease prevention, Elsevier, U.K., page (1213-1220)
Publication Publié, 2010

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Résumé :

The favorable effect of diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids on glucose homeostasis apparently involves increased secretion of the intestinal and insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 is produced by post-translational modification of the glucagon precursor, proglucagon, in L cells located in the small and large intestine. It is secreted in response to the presence, in the gut lumen, of nutrients, mainly carbohydrates and fats, and communicates this information to the pancreas where it acts as a potent insulin secretagogue, accounting for as much as 50% of postprandial insulin secretion. GLP-1 has several pleiotropic effects related to assimilation of nutrients and maintenance of normal blood glucose levels, including inhibition of food intake (by enhancing satiety), gastric emptying and glucagon secretion, as well as stimulation of glucose-dependent insulin biosynthesis and insulin-independent antidiabetic character, apart from proven insulinomimetic properties per se. In type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients, the secretion of GLP-1 is diminished, but its insulinotropic effect is maintained in type 2 patients. In morbidly obese patients, a lower GLP-1 secretion, both basal and oral glucose- or meal-stimulated, is reversed after bariatric surgery. In these two pathological situations, type 2 diabetes and obesity, the therapeutic use of GLP-1 has been proposed. The possible beneficial action of GLP-1 was recently extended to Alzheimer patients and other neurodegenerative conditions, as this peptide plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal plasticity and cell survival. Also, the infusion of GLP-1 after angioplasty, in patients with acute myocardial infarction, ameliorates left ventricular function. © 2010 Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.