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Supplémentation en créatine - État de la question

par Saint-Pierre, Marie-Andrée;Poortmans, Jacques ;Léger, Luc
Référence Science & sports, 17, 2, page (55-77)
Publication Publié, 2002

Article révisé par les pairs

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Résumé :

Objectives - This literature review will attempt to shed light on controversies raised by creatine (Cr) supplementation, particularly at the level of intramuscular total creatine content (TCr), physical performance and body composition. Topics - Many studies have demonstrated significant increases of 16-20% in TCr stores, after a daily dose of 20-30 g of Cr ingestion over two-six days. Concerning the ergogenic effect of Cr on anaerobic performance in sedentary and active subjects, results are very ambiguous. As for the anabolic role of various Cr regimens, an increase in body mass (1.5 kg only, on average) is often reported while unobserved in many other studies. Due to the small number of studies and the variety in methods used for body composition changes, it is difficult to identify the components that are affected by these changes. In fact, some have observed significant gains in lean body mass in subjects ingesting Cr, while others have not. Body weight gain might be due to an increase in intracellular or total body water, but this hypothesis has recently been challenged. Future prospects - The magnitude of inter-individual variations alone could explain the substantial differences found in these studies. Change in muscle mass needs to be measured with more specific methods. © 2002 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS.